Ashwin reached a historic milestone by claiming his 500th Test wicket, dismissing Crawley.
Duckett records fastest Test century by an England player in India, embodying Bazball strategy.
England reached 207-2 in 35 overs on Day 2, Duckett leading, trailing India by 238.
India scored 445 with key contributions from Jurel, Ashwin, and Bumrah.
Jurel and Ashwin's 77-run partnership showed resilience against England's bowling.
Mark Wood led with 4/114, supported by Rehan Ahmed who took two key wickets.